Популярни книги 
								
								
				
					
					
				 
				
					
						 
						Incentive Reforms in Developing Country Bureaucracies 
												Dilip Mookherjee 
						Издател: The World Bank
						What major problems are likely to be encountered in designing and implementing pay-for-performance mechanisms for public bureaucrats? This paper examines this question in the context of tax administration, drawing on both economic theory and recent reform efforts in developing countries. Incentive schemes may or may not increase corruption; more
					 
					
				 
				
					
						 
						How Adjustment Programs Can Help the Poor 
												
						Издател: The World Bank
						Discussion paper
Little is known about the overall impact of adjustment programs on poverty. To a large extend, this is because it is difficult to distinguish the effects of externally induced recession from the effects of the policies and programs designed to offset them.
					 
					
				 
				
					
					
				 
				
					
						 
						European Migration: Push and Pull 
												Klaus F. Zimmermann 
						Издател: The World Bank
						In recent decades Europe has experienced periods of push and pull migration. Whereas pull migration has been seen as economically beneficial, there is concern that push migration will accelerate the employment crisis. This article qualifies this view by arguing that migration may erode institutional constraints. The theoretical framework behind
					 
					
				 
				
					
						 
						Russia`s Struggle with Stabilization: Conceptual Issues and Evidence 
												Jeffrey Sachs 
						Издател: The World Bank
						This volume consists of two comments on Sachs' paper, "Russia's Struggle with Stabilization: Conceptual Issues and Evidence," followed by a summary of the floor discussion on the paper. Both comments analyze the Sachs model and its policy implications, including implications for foreign aid. The first comment discusses two key questions in
					 
					
				 
				
					
					
				 
				
					
						 
						Urban Concentration: The Role of Increasing Returns and Transport Costs 
												Paul Krugman 
						Издател: The World Bank
						Very large urban centers are a conspicuous feature of many developing economies, yet the subject of the size distribution of cities (as opposed to such issues as rural-urban migration) has been neglected by development economists. This article argues that some important insights into urban concentration, especially the tendency of some developing
					 
					
				 
				
					
					
				 
				
					
					
				 
				
				
						
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