Edward Palmer has a Ph.D. in economics from Stockholm University. Since 1987 he has been Professor of Social Insurance
Economics, fi rst at Gothenburg University and, from 1994, at Uppsala University. He is also director of research at the Swedish
State Social Insurance Agency. He was an expert member of the Government Working Group that created the Swedish pension
reform passed by Parliament in 1994. He has advised in the pension reforms of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Russia
and has contributed to pension reform discussions in a number of other countries, both independently and as a consultant
for the World Bank and the OECD. He is presently an expert member of the OECD International Board of Insurance Regulators
and is a member of the Supervisory Council of the Institute for Social Insurance Development in Russia. Professor Palmer
has published a large number of books and papers within his area.