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John Rensselaer Chamberlain (1903–1995) was an American journalist, the author of books on capitalism, and dubbed "one of America’s most trusted book reviewers."

A graduate of Yale in 1925, John Chamberlain began his career in journalism at the New York Times in 1926, and he later served there as both an editor and book reviewer.

Influenced by Albert J. Nock, he credits the writers Ayn Rand, Isabel Paterson and Rose Wilder Lane with his final "conversion" to what he called "an older American philosophy" of libertarian and conservative ideas. Along with his friends Henry Hazlitt and Max Eastman, he helped to promote the work of Austrian school economist F.A. Hayek, The Road of Serfom, writing the "Foreword" to the first American edition of the book in 1944.

In 1946, Leonard Read of the Foundation for Economic Education established a free market magazine named The Freeman, reviving the name of a publication which had been edited by Albert J. Nock (1920-1924). Its first editors included Chamberlain, Henry Hazlitt and Suzanne La Follette, and its early contributors included Max Eastman, Morrie Ryskind, and the Austrian School economists Ludwig von Mises and F.A. Hayek. After stepping down as editor, Chamberlain continued his regular column for the periodical, "A Reviewer’s Notebook." He later joined the classical liberal Mont Pelerin Society.